AQUACULTURE

Microbial Biomass Feed for Fish, Crustaceans and Cephalopods

This invention discloses a high-protein microbial biomass–based feed for fish, crustaceans, and/or cephalopods, comprising bacterial biomass, its extract, or its hydrolysate, containing at least 25% (w/w) protein and at least 5% (w/w) nucleic acids on a dry matter basis. The composition promotes enhanced growth performance and improves resistance to infectious diseases in marine organisms, making it particularly suitable for aquaculture applications.

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Salmon Feed Production Using Schizochytrium sp. Biomass

A feed composition comprising microalgae-derived biomass, according to the present application, uses microalgae with a high content of protein, fat, and minerals, and free from factors that degrade feed quality, and can thus be effectively used as a fish feed composition

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MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY

Probiotic-Loaded Microalgae Robots for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Management

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by elevated intestinal ROS and microbial imbalance. We developed the EcN@PDA@HP biohybrid robot, which combines stress-trained microalgae (Haematococcus pluvialis) with polydopamine-coated probiotics and an intestinal braking system. Stress-trained microalgae withstand gastric conditions, retain motility, and produce enhanced levels of astaxanthin. The PDA coating protects probiotics and facilitates adhesion to inflamed sites. The EcN@PDA@HP biohybrid robot alleviates IBD by scavenging ROS and restoring gut microbiota.

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RNA Extraction and rRNA Depletion Methods for RNA-Seq in Edible Seaweeds

Seaweeds are valuable for food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic applications, but genomic studies are limited by challenges in RNA extraction and rRNA depletion. This study evaluated seven RNA extraction protocols across 11 edible seaweed species (brown, red, and green), finding that CTAB-based methods are best for brown algae, while spin-column methods perform better for red and green algae. Three commercial rRNA depletion kits were tested, with RiboFree and riboPOOL outperforming Ribo-Zero Plant. These results provide practical guidance for RNA-seq preparation across different seaweed taxa.

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LIVING MARINE RESOURCES

Microalgae as a Sustainable Alternative to Palm Oil: Fatty Acid Profiles

Microalgae are being investigated as a sustainable alternative to palm oil because of their capacity to produce fatty acids (FAs). Ten strains were evaluated under photoautotrophic and heterotrophic growth conditions, with 400 µmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹ identified as the optimal light intensity for biomass production and total fatty acid (TFA) accumulation. Species of Scenedesmus and Desmodesmus exhibited the highest growth performance, with S. obliquus and D. subspicatus achieving up to 66% and 58% TFA of dry weight, respectively. The fatty acid profile of D. subspicatus (palmitic acid 39%, oleic acid 30%, linoleic acid 14%) was the most similar to that of palm oil, whereas heterotrophic cultivation proved less effective.

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Microalgal Extracellular Vesicles for Vaccines and Immunomodulation

Microalgal extracellular vesicles (MEVs) carrying bioactive cargo, including antigens, proteins, and nucleic acids, are utilized in vaccines and immunomodulatory therapies. MEVs can be administered via multiple routes to modulate the immune system. These vaccines may exert therapeutic, immunoprotective, or immunomodulatory effects. The compositions may also target intracellular receptors to enhance immune responses

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